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[虚拟币资讯]
美联储大幅加息75个基点 三大股指反弹 美媒：经济衰退难以避免
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美国通货膨胀危机仍在持续，达到了近40年来最高水平。为了应对这一严峻的经济形势，美国政府在今年的3月和5月分别加息25和50个基点，但这两次的加息好像并未达到预期效果，通货膨胀水平仍然居高不下。 " D$ G8 c5 i$ y2 c" P _/ F2 U
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其实在美国通货膨胀危机爆发之初，就有美国官员呼吁取消部分特朗普时期的对华关税，美国政府内部也一直在对这一问题进行讨论，这无疑是缓解美国通胀危机的最有效措施。但美国政府部分官员却认为，取消对华关税会导致美国在国际市场上失去与中国的竞争能力。拜登也一直未能在取消关税问题上下定决心。 ) K d- b; M2 ]; t) L, H3 @7 E# |
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取消对华关税短期内无法实现，美联储决定启动年内第三次加息，为缓解通货膨胀再打一剂猛药。6月15日，美联储第三次加息政策出炉，宣布再次加息75个百分点，这成为美国近30年来单次最大幅度加息。 ! l. B; U. L' o! n, E
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% b% z/ F* h, D/ k* u& a3 W7 C受此政策影响，美国三大股指实现触底反弹。15日收盘时，道琼斯指数上涨1%、纳斯达克指数上涨2.5%、标普500指数上涨1.46。虽然美股呈现全面复苏回暖的状态，但与此相对，也加剧了美国民众对未来“经济衰退”的担忧。 . `! V' k6 D) M
0 H4 Y6 ^6 f3 Q9 x“通货膨胀”说白了就是民众手里的钱变得不值钱了，市场上流通的货币量大于实际需要量，物价必然会出现上涨的情况。美联储加息为的就是让市场上多出来的钱流向银行，来抑制物价上涨。但如果美国民众手里的钱少了，购买消费的欲望就会下降，市场上买卖交易量下降，经济也将会直接受到影响，这是环环紧扣的。 4 d! @- Y9 D7 J. l8 m, C
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第三次加息政策公布后，美联储主席鲍威尔在记者会上对此进行了说明。他认为这次大幅加息是必要的，为应对当前严峻的通胀形势，必须采取“激进和先发制人的行动”，为今后留有更多选择空间。
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. t5 \0 h& s* b: t为了打消外界对经济衰退的顾虑，鲍威尔称，此举不会诱发经济衰退，没有证据表明美国经济在放缓，消费者的支出情况并没有受到影响，但这番话显然十分苍白缺乏信服力。 $ n6 X+ s/ u H+ o- P+ `
8 c# l5 j* g* @% D0 {- {6 e鲍威尔上个月才表示，美联储还将进行两次加息，每次上调50个基准点。这次一次性就加息75个基点，显然推翻了他此前的说法，比之前宣布的水平提高了一半。这也就表示，美国通过膨胀状况远远超过了美国政府的预期，美联储必须要下重拳才能遏制这场危机。 : G E) {& H+ U/ O* M
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$ O6 t7 J( m3 Z$ J3 o2 h& b: A美国媒体指出，“经济衰退”的可能性正在逐步升高，随着时间不断显现。预计到今年年末的美国中期选举，经济衰退的可能性将达到四分之一，到2024年这一可能将达到四分之三。美联储屡次加息虽然能在短期内缓解通胀压力，但对美国长远的经济发展来看并无益处，往往紧缩政策越狠，对经济的伤害越大。
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尽管美联储激进地上调了加息基准，但是否就真的能够彻底解决通胀危机还要打一个大大的问号，毕竟美联储前两轮加息没有达到预想的效果，通胀率仍达到了5.2%。在今年下半年，美联储仍可能再次宣布加息75个基点，这无疑会再次加大美国经济运行的压力，美国房地产和股票市场普遍对紧缩政策感到担忧。 + f- x1 b2 W- z! R1 P8 S
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经济发展的活力减少，也会引发一系列社会问题，就业压力、社会保障压力将会增大。频繁加息并不是长远之计，这将带来很多副作用，而且这也不是解决通胀的唯一办法。或许拜登政府真的应该认真思考一下取消对华关税的问题了 + \* y" ~0 G8 O7 @7 a6 w' ?/ o0 f
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来源：金色财经 |
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