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[虚拟币交流]
日本取消对加密货币未实现获利课税！有望促进Web3发展（25日转）
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% X8 T( z# o) h! Y8 M8 Y, @- K
本月5日，日本执政联盟(由自民党及公明党组成)的税务调查委员会提出了一项重要的5 o0 M7 f" o# D% Q
税制改革提案。该提案旨在免除仅为持有目的而非短期交易所拥有加密资产的公司在财政年度结束时缴纳基于市0 v: `$ _; [9 M5 X8 {( r4 P& d
值的「未实现利润税」。
+ ^, k9 d/ m; m3 D明年1月审议取消企业的未实现利润税6 b1 H+ b% {! n
这一提案在近日取得进展，据Coinpost报导，日本ZF于22日的内阁会议中确定了2024财政年度的税制改革大
; q; c. j, T0 z* {: g. o纲。此次改革包含加密资产的税务处理，如果企业持续持有第三方发行的加密资产，则将不再依据财政年度结束8 D! d; q, a3 T1 I
时的市值计算税负。这一改变意味着，企业只需对销售的加密资产产生的利润征税，与个人投资者的税收制度相
1 J3 h; @# r1 w+ ?9 H* M+ A2 ?似。( B1 z! Y& x+ G% _* @
过去的税收改革中，仅有企业自行发行的虚拟货币免征未实现利润税，但日益增多的声音要求对第三方发行的虚
, ?$ Z9 z6 o* P5 t) r& O# [拟货币实施同样的政策。- F, ~* h8 v6 v6 z
此项税制改革反映了日本加密资产商业协会(JCBA)向ZF提出的建议，预计将促进日本Web3的发展，吸引国内
& x5 U, L( e4 q外区块链新创公司及项目。4 k' I8 t) ^3 w& m- U
其他税制变动还包含了如减少个人所得税和住民税4万日元、企业减税，以及针对战略部门和创新领域设立新的税& D8 R3 l# ]5 c$ s$ l3 h
制等。这些改革预计将导致日本税收下降，创下1989财年以来第三大降幅。7 s( c7 `8 l# [$ C
该提案预计将于明年1月提交至国会进行审议，需获得众议院和参议院的批准。6 J8 E2 K8 f$ V
随着企业税制的进一步发展，未来对于加密资产的单独征税和其他税制改革的讨论将更为活跃。JCBA对于加密资
' G# k# q( e+ T! y: G Z$ y产交易的损益计算提出了一些建议，如加密资产的交换不征税，对转换成法币征收一次性税负，并建议从明年开4 z3 x/ I( ]6 c7 V2 ]
始有三年的损失结转扣除额等，这些建议目前仍在讨论阶段。
# |4 r6 ^' ^/ \8 O% V8 Z E注：「损失结转扣除额」指企业或个人在一会计年度内所发生的损失，可在未来几个年度内抵减税务利润，借此
( q" [! U/ a/ f) h/ G8 t; ]降低未来的税负。
) e" R) q0 c' [9 [高额遗产税问题
0 B' P, q, h% y4 m. L在日本，对于加密资产的税制改革呼声日益高涨。除了企业面临的未实现利润税问题之外，特别引人注目的是日6 C2 n. m( M% f# X8 N- U
本对于高价值加密遗产所征收的税率。目前，日本对于这类遗产征收高达55%的遗产税，加上相同比例的所得
3 f6 N( |2 ~7 q8 h税，使得总税负达到惊人的110%。: T9 U8 |" k- x V0 X
另外，若选择非继承方式，而是以生前赠予的形式转移加密资产，接受赠予者也需面临55%的赠予税及同等比例
, ^7 s; F* Z7 K的所得税，总计税负依然高达110%。: g f* n; ?5 g! B& p6 u
分析师指出，这种税制下继承人需支付超过遗产价值的税款，显然不合理，应向当局反映以改变课税政策。甚至$ d3 C0 H! G0 u0 a2 D4 ?
有建议考虑移民至税率较低的国家，如新加坡或杜拜，以保留部分加密遗产。
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