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[虚拟币交流]
以太坊 2026 年转型：为什么基于证明的验证对节点至关重要（转）
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2月11日，以太坊（ETH）开发者和研究人员将齐聚一堂，参加首届L1-zkEVM研讨会。此次活动或将预示着未来以太坊区块验证将变得更快、更轻量、更便捷。
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路线图：L1-zkEVM 和 EIP-8025
" N1 ?" ?* z3 h- L- R" W) }( F这项计划属于以太坊 2026 年 L1-zkEVM 路线图的一部分。其核心特性 EIP-8025（也称为可选执行证明）引入了一种新的验证途径。5 Z* }& r4 }1 c& \/ u1 ?* k
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与其要求每个验证者重新运行（或“重新执行”）区块内的所有交易，系统将允许被称为 zkAttester 的专门参与者使用零知识 (ZK) 证明来验证区块。
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重要的是，此次升级是可选的。未进行升级的节点将继续按现有方式运行。
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0 R( f( S) |1 [0 g这为什么重要？
0 j3 N! P* c0 e4 d v8 I现在，以太坊为了确认交易的正确性，验证者必须重新执行每个区块中的每笔交易。随着网络活动的增长，这将变得非常消耗资源。
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- u6 t7 I3 ], t& o. M j零知识证明改变了这种局面。验证者无需重复所有计算，只需检查一个加密证明即可确认区块的有效性。验证速度显著提升，硬件资源占用也大幅降低。+ {" }: I8 u1 e, ?. G6 o5 {
5 |' E) K: M7 v' u, z更低的存储、带宽和计算需求，使得在消费级笔记本电脑上运行完全验证节点再次成为可能。) t4 m: [$ L/ ?1 P$ z4 c. }
: ?9 g- `0 N9 `) ~; {如果参与成本降低、参与门槛降低，即使 gas 限制和产量增加，个人质押者和家庭验证者也能保持竞争力。' k4 U9 w% R3 Q# V' S
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安全、架构和全局
+ s+ J- ^! {% f根据 EIP-8025，区块只有在多个独立证明（目前提议为五个证明中至少三个）得到验证后才会被接受。这既保证了客户端的多样性，又降低了对单一实现的依赖。/ b; ~( G7 O- |3 \5 Y8 u
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声明内容如下：" y8 g% a* K& S2 }/ L
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这项工作分为六个子主题：执行见证和客户程序标准化、zkVM-guest API 标准化、CL 集成、证明器基础设施、基准测试和指标以及使用形式化验证的安全性。
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除了 L1 层之外，此举还有助于规范执行见证人和 zkVM 接口。这将使已经致力于以太坊区块证明的 Rollup 和证明基础设施提供商受益。/ n( \6 B4 Y" E% i
$ @$ x, h1 L$ F6 g最后想说的话8 W& y* l1 d3 j o
EIP-8025 可以让以太坊区块验证速度更快、重量更轻，从而能够再次在笔记本电脑上运行。" r; n4 y s- k: J& j% `) _
以太坊将在扩展其基础层的同时，有效提升安全性。& j! g: Q' Q3 K% P6 X- B
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技术升级看着挺厉害的，到时候运行节点是不是更省心了 |
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这波升级真香，节点压力小了，验证也更高效了，感觉以后跑全节点轻松不少 |
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看来大家转来的东西，来源相同了 |
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