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[虚拟币交流] 解构 Solana 成为以太坊 L2 的可行性与争议(转)
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本文是关于 L1/L2 争论的简要总结,以及“Solana 能否成为 L2”的问题,特别是对于那些明智地选择忽略成千上万回复的人:
Toly 解释说,您可以通过将 Solana 的账本数据发布到以太坊上,并部署一个验证 Solana 状态的桥接合约,使 Solana(或任何其他链)成为以太坊(或其他链)的“L2”。这与我们今天所熟悉的所有“L2”非常相似,用户仍然可以获得像强制提款返回以太坊这样的安全属性。
这个假设的 Solana 设计与当前的 L2(如 Base)之间的区别在于是否存在“在以太坊撤销已确认区块时会恢复,并在以太坊硬分叉时会硬分叉的社会承诺”。这是 Vitalik 在他关于不同类型 L2 的旧帖子中讨论过的内容。
例如:
  • Base 有社会承诺,在以太坊撤销/硬分叉时会恢复/分叉。
  • 在假设的 Solana 设计中,我仅部署这个从 Solana 到以太坊的桥,没有来自 Solana 的社会承诺去与以太坊分叉。节点默认并不跟随以太坊,也没有这个桥的嵌入。
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因此,您可以让大多数 Solana 节点采用与桥不同的分叉规则(例如,节点正在进行升级,而桥并不知情,或者强制提款触发分叉)。在理想情况下,这些链都是同一事物(即,桥和其他节点都达成一致)。在发生分叉的情况下,您可能会有“Solana L2”(以太坊桥所识别的所有内容)和“Solana L1”,而 Solana 的社会共识继续遵循。
在这种情况下和像 Base 这样的典型 L2 中,无论设置阶段的社会承诺如何,社会共识始终可以根据他们所认为的“真实链”进行分叉。
例如,如果通往 Solana 的以太坊桥变得非常重要,那么在实践中,Solana 的社会共识可能最终会总是选择跟随它。因此,“Solana L1”和“Solana L2”永远不会分歧。
相反,Base 或其他传统 L2 可能有社会承诺遵循其以太坊桥,但在某些不可预见的情况下,节点可能决定偏离桥(无论是因为大规模黑客攻击而桥不可变,还是某个机构要求他们偏离Token持有者的意愿,或其他任何原因)。
所以总结一下,是的,您可以将 Solana 变成“L2”,而大家争论的差异基本上归结为人们在一开始的默认社会承诺,但这并不是约束性的。
一些人还认为,在假设的场景中同时存在多个确认/分叉规则(例如,桥有一种分叉规则,而验证者有另一种),即使它们在当前链上达成一致,实际上也意味着存在两条链(例如,Solana L1 和 Solana L2),从某种意义上来说这可能是技术上准确的,但也令人困惑,因为我们都看到并使用同一条链。

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这个争议方面也是可以了解一下
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